Station 21 — Delhi: QC report

ULM_Stn21 · CR1000X s/n 58324 · table FiveMin · file header program CPU:SO397545_Univ_of_LA_Measonet_Rev09282026.Stn21.wndcor.CR1X
2025-10-03 11:20 to 2026-10-04 05:15 logger clock · generated 2026-10-04 03:17

105,323unique 5-min records

171,815values flagged failure

1,193,815values flagged suspect

0dated corrections applied

Station-level findings

level	test	finding
failure	direction_vs_other_sensors	30ft-10ft: median daily difference -139 deg over 282 days
failure	direction_vs_other_sensors	10ft-sonic: median daily difference +140 deg over 282 days
failure	clock_backwards	time went backwards 2025-10-03 16:10:00 -> 2025-10-03 11:20:00
failure	clock_backwards	time went backwards 2025-11-02 19:05:00 -> 2025-11-02 18:15:00
failure	duplicate_utc	duplicate UTC times after clock handling; first kept
suspect	soil_depth_duplicate	60 cm duplicates 50 cm on 313 days
suspect	soil_depth_duplicate	75 cm duplicates 60 cm on 360 days
suspect	soil_depth_duplicate	100 cm duplicates 75 cm on 360 days
suspect	clock_step	logger clock stepped +1 h (from 2026-03-08 14:55:00 to 2026-03-08 16:00:00)
info	neighbor_direction	10ft: median offset vs TVR, BQP, MLU = -7 deg (IQR -11 to -2, 108 days)
info	solar_timing	overall solar timing offset +0 min over 127 clear days (positive = later than expected)
info	soil_dry_limit	5 cm at the SoilVUE's dry limit (VWC 0, permittivity 1.79): very dry topsoil, not a fault; 1 of 4 nearest LSM stations are also at or near their driest at 5 cm
info	lsm_neighbors	LSM neighbors: 11 (33 km), 20 (42 km), 17 (54 km), 1 (54 km)
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	AirTF_Avg: median bias vs LSM neighbors -0.4 F over 365 days
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	RH_Avg: median bias vs LSM neighbors -1.0 % over 365 days
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	SeaLvlBaro_inHg_Avg: median bias vs LSM neighbors +0.006 inHg over 365 days
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	rain total 46.2 in vs LSM neighbor median 37.3 in over shared days (ratio 1.24); missed-rain days 0, rain-only-here days 0
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	SlrW_Avg: daily solar total 0.99 x LSM neighbor median over 343 days
info	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	10ft: median offset vs trusted LSM neighbors (11, 20, 17, 1) = -9 deg over 86 days
info	file_summary	105340 rows read, 105323 unique records, 2025-10-03 11:20:00 to 2026-10-04 05:15:00 (logger clock)
info	files_combined	record combined from 2 files: ULM_Stn21_FiveMin.dat.backup (2025-10-03 to 2026-09-28, SO397545 Univ of LA Measonet Rev10022025.Station21.CR1X); ULM_Stn21_FiveMin.dat (2026-09-28 to 2026-10-04, SO397545_Univ_of_LA_Measonet_Rev09282026.Stn21.wndcor.CR1X)
info	record_reset	RECORD reset 103661 -> 0 (program load or table reset)
info	gap	1 missing records after 2026-09-28 09:20:00

Wind direction

By logger-program period (vs airports, after applied corrections)

Measured offset W = 326°. Predicted 30-ft rotation with no correction code = 180 − W; with the sign-flipped line = 360 − 2W.

period (logger clock)	records	30-ft	sonic	10-ft	if no code	if sign-flipped	best explanation
2025-10-03 15:45 to 2026-09-28 09:20	103,592	-146°	-146°	-6°	-146°	+68°	no correction code
2026-09-28 09:30 to 2026-10-04 05:05	1,676	+4°	+3°	–	-146°	+68°	correct / aligned

Proposed corrections (not applied; copy into stations.yaml to use):

sensor	start	end	add	apply	reason
30ft	2025-10-03 15:45	2026-09-28 09:20	146	False	model: no correction code with W=326; observed -146 deg (airports)
sonic	2025-10-03 15:45	2026-09-28 09:20	146	False	model: no correction code with W=326; observed -146 deg (airports)

Flags by variable and month

Comparison with nearby LSM stations

Temperature sensor agreement

Wind speed ratios and solar timing

Power: battery, solar charging and load

Last 7 days	this station	network / expected
Overnight battery minimum	12.87 V	12.83 V
Lowest battery reading	12.81 V
Charged in / used per day	5.0 / 2.4 Ah
Reached full charge (float)	8:05 am	8:20 am
Solar input, sunny-day peak	20.8 V	~21 V
Overnight draw	0.104 A
Charger temperature max	41 °C
Charger minus logger voltage	+0.05 V	wire drop
CH200 readings missing	0.0%
Battery vs network, last 30 days	+0.01 V per 30 days	falling = weakening

Flag counts by test

variable	test	level	records	% of record
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	failure	79340	75.33
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	failure	79328	75.32
VWC_5cm_Avg	range	failure	5446	5.17
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	failure	1728	1.64
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	failure	1728	1.64
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	failure	1152	1.09
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	failure	864	0.82
WS_Sonic_mph_Avg	sonic_error_value	failure	547	0.52
WS_Sonic_mph_Max	range	failure	547	0.52
WS_Sonic_mph_Max	sonic_error_value	failure	547	0.52
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	sonic_error_value	failure	547	0.52
WindDir_Sonic_SD1_WVT	sonic_error_value	failure	547	0.52
WS_Sonic_mph_Avg	range	failure	545	0.52
WS_10ft_mph_Avg	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	16	0.02
WS_10ft_mph_Max	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	16	0.02
WS_30ft_mph_Avg	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	16	0.02
WS_30ft_mph_Max	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	16	0.02
WindDir_10ft_D1_WVT	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	16	0.02
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	16	0.02
T109_10ft_F_Avg	range	failure	12	0.01
T109_30ft_F_Avg	range	failure	11	0.01
SlrW_Avg	solar_at_night	failure	7	0.01
SoilTmpF_100cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_30cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_40cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_50cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_60cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_75cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
T109_30ft_F_Avg	step	failure	2	0.00
T109_30ft_F_Avg	temperature_triad	failure	2	0.00
AbsBaro_inHg_Avg	range	failure	1	0.00
ChargeInputCurrent	range	failure	1	0.00
SeaLvlBaro_inHg_Avg	range	failure	1	0.00
SoilTmpF_10cm_Avg	range	failure	1	0.00
SoilTmpF_20cm_Avg	range	failure	1	0.00
SoilTmpF_5cm_Avg	range	failure	1	0.00
BulkEC_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103528	98.30
Ka_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103528	98.30
SoilTmpF_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103528	98.30
VWC_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103528	98.30
BulkEC_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103526	98.29
Ka_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103526	98.29
SoilTmpF_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103526	98.29
VWC_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	103526	98.29
BulkEC_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	89992	85.44
Ka_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	89992	85.44
SoilTmpF_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	89992	85.44
VWC_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	89992	85.44
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	suspect	79340	75.33
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	suspect	79328	75.32
T109_30ft_F_Avg	temperature_triad	suspect	2267	2.15
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	suspect	1728	1.64
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	suspect	1728	1.64
VWC_5cm_Avg	range	suspect	1719	1.63
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	suspect	1152	1.09
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	suspect	864	0.82
VWC_10cm_Avg	range	suspect	523	0.50
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	stuck_direction	suspect	521	0.49
WindDir_Sonic_SD1_WVT	stuck_direction	suspect	521	0.49
LoadCurrent	load_increase	suspect	288	0.27
WindDir_10ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	suspect	288	0.27
SoilTmpF_5cm_Avg	range	suspect	265	0.25
T109_10ft_F_Avg	temperature_triad	suspect	139	0.13
SlrW_Avg	solar_above_clearsky	suspect	62	0.06
AirTF_Avg	temperature_triad	suspect	41	0.04
RV_Pre_Accu_Tot	rain_with_low_rh	suspect	18	0.02
DewPtF	step	suspect	6	0.01
SeaLvlBaro_inHg_Avg	step	suspect	6	0.01
SoilTmpF_5cm_Avg	step	suspect	6	0.01
T109_30ft_F_Avg	step	suspect	6	0.01
RH_Avg	range	suspect	3	0.00
AirTF_Avg	step	suspect	2	0.00
RH_Avg	step	suspect	2	0.00
T109_10ft_F_Avg	step	suspect	2	0.00
SlrW_Avg	solar_at_night	suspect	1	0.00

Largest failure events

start (local)	end (local)	n	variable	test	detail
2026-02-17 00:00	2026-05-02 23:55	21588	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-11-20 00:00	2025-12-11 23:55	6336	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-12-20 00:00	2026-01-06 23:55	5184	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-09-16 00:00	2026-09-27 23:55	3456	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-01-13 00:00	2026-01-24 23:55	3456	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-02-02 00:00	2026-02-12 23:55	3168	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-05-14 00:00	2026-05-23 23:55	2880	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-10-03 11:20	2025-10-11 23:55	2456	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-10-03 16:15	2025-10-11 23:55	2397	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-01 00:00	2026-06-08 23:55	2304	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-10-24 00:00	2025-10-30 23:55	2016	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-05-04 00:00	2026-05-09 23:55	1728	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-10-17 00:00	2025-10-22 23:55	1728	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-16 00:00	2026-08-21 23:55	1728	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-01 00:00	2026-08-04 23:55	1152	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-11-09 00:00	2025-11-12 23:55	1152	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-01-28 00:00	2026-01-31 23:55	1152	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-01-08 00:00	2026-01-11 23:55	1152	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-10 00:00	2026-08-13 23:55	1152	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-03-07 15:35	2026-03-10 16:40	866	VWC_5cm_Avg	range	outside hard limits [0, 0.7]
2026-06-17 00:00	2026-06-19 23:55	864	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-26 00:00	2026-06-28 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-31 00:00	2026-09-02 23:55	864	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-09-11 00:00	2026-09-13 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-21 00:00	2026-06-23 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-12-13 00:00	2025-12-15 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-26 00:00	2026-08-28 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-01-21 13:20	2026-01-23 17:05	622	VWC_5cm_Avg	range	outside hard limits [0, 0.7]
2026-07-22 00:00	2026-07-23 23:55	576	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-07-25 00:00	2026-07-26 23:55	576	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	daily direction differs from trusted LSM neighbors by > 60 deg
2025-11-17 00:00	2025-11-18 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-07-12 00:00	2026-07-13 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-10-14 00:00	2025-10-15 23:55	576	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-07 00:00	2026-08-08 23:55	576	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-05-27 00:00	2026-05-28 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-10 00:00	2026-06-11 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-09-08 00:00	2026-09-09 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-05-11 00:00	2026-05-12 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-02-14 00:00	2026-02-15 23:55	576	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-11-14 00:00	2025-11-15 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg

Corrections

Applied (from stations.yaml):

None.

Documented but not applied (apply: false):

None.

How to read this

Levels: 0 good, 1 suspect, 2 failure, 9 missing. Each variable's level is in QC_<variable> in the data file; the events file lists every flagged run with the test that set it. Station-level findings summarize patterns (sensor rotation, clock offsets, duplicate soil depths) that per-record flags can't describe on their own. Wind direction flags use daily vector means, so a flagged day marks every record in that day.