Station 16 — Columbia: QC report

ULM_Stn16 · CR1000X s/n 58321 · table FiveMin · file header program CPU:SO397545_Univ_of_LA_Measonet_Rev09282026.Stn16.wndcor.CR1X
2025-07-08 13:55 to 2026-10-04 05:05 logger clock · generated 2026-10-04 03:15

130,357unique 5-min records

19,315values flagged failure

1,589,540values flagged suspect

0dated corrections applied

Station-level findings

level	test	finding
suspect	direction_vs_other_sensors	30ft-10ft: median daily difference +28 deg over 284 days
suspect	neighbor_direction	30ft: median offset vs MLU, RSN, BQP = +28 deg (IQR +23 to +34, 143 days)
suspect	neighbor_direction	sonic: median offset vs MLU, RSN, BQP = +22 deg (IQR +17 to +31, 169 days)
suspect	soil_depth_duplicate	60 cm duplicates 50 cm on 422 days
suspect	soil_depth_duplicate	75 cm duplicates 60 cm on 439 days
suspect	soil_depth_duplicate	100 cm duplicates 75 cm on 435 days
suspect	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	30ft: median offset vs trusted LSM neighbors (11, 1, 2, 7) = +25 deg over 89 days
suspect	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	sonic: median offset vs trusted LSM neighbors (11, 1, 2, 7) = +19 deg over 117 days
suspect	duplicate_records	2 re-appended duplicate rows in 1 blocks removed
suspect	clock_step	logger clock stepped -1 h (from 2025-11-02 19:05:00 to 2025-11-02 18:10:00)
suspect	clock_step	logger clock stepped +1 h (from 2026-03-08 14:55:00 to 2026-03-08 16:00:00)
info	neighbor_direction	10ft: median offset vs MLU, RSN, BQP = +3 deg (IQR +0 to +7, 114 days)
info	solar_timing	overall solar timing offset +2 min over 127 clear days (positive = later than expected)
info	soil_dry_limit	5 cm at the SoilVUE's dry limit (VWC 0, permittivity 2.13): very dry topsoil, not a fault; 3 of 4 nearest LSM stations are also at or near their driest at 5 cm
info	lsm_neighbors	LSM neighbors: 11 (33 km), 1 (45 km), 2 (46 km), 7 (48 km)
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	AirTF_Avg: median bias vs LSM neighbors -0.1 F over 452 days
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	RH_Avg: median bias vs LSM neighbors -2.4 % over 452 days
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	SeaLvlBaro_inHg_Avg: median bias vs LSM neighbors -0.002 inHg over 452 days
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	rain total 44.8 in vs LSM neighbor median 45.3 in over shared days (ratio 0.99); missed-rain days 0, rain-only-here days 0
info	vs_lsm_neighbors	SlrW_Avg: daily solar total 0.99 x LSM neighbor median over 429 days
info	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	10ft: median offset vs trusted LSM neighbors (11, 1, 2, 7) = -0 deg over 76 days
info	file_summary	130359 rows read, 130357 unique records, 2025-07-08 13:55:00 to 2026-10-04 05:05:00 (logger clock)
info	files_combined	record combined from 2 files: ULM_Stn16_FiveMin.dat.backup (2025-07-08 to 2026-09-28, SO397545 Univ of LA Measonet Rev07072025.Station16.CR1X); ULM_Stn16_FiveMin.dat (2026-09-28 to 2026-10-04, SO397545_Univ_of_LA_Measonet_Rev09282026.Stn16.wndcor.CR1X)
info	record_reset	RECORD reset 88463 -> 0 (program load or table reset)
info	record_reset	RECORD reset 40261 -> 0 (program load or table reset)
info	gap	1 missing records after 2026-05-11 13:50:00
info	gap	1 missing records after 2026-09-28 09:05:00
info	ch200_stale	2 records where the CH200 didn't answer: its other values (left over from the last good read) set to missing

Wind direction

By logger-program period (vs airports, after applied corrections)

Measured offset W = 158°. Predicted 30-ft rotation with no correction code = 180 − W; with the sign-flipped line = 360 − 2W.

period (logger clock)	records	30-ft	sonic	10-ft	if no code	if sign-flipped	best explanation
2025-07-08 13:55 to 2026-05-11 13:50	88,416	+28°	+20°	+4°	+22°	+44°	no correction code
2026-05-11 14:00 to 2026-09-28 09:05	40,262	+49°	+41°	+3°	+22°	+44°	sign-flipped code
2026-09-28 09:15 to 2026-10-04 05:00	1,678	+3°	-1°	–	+22°	+44°	correct / aligned

Proposed corrections (not applied; copy into stations.yaml to use):

sensor	start	end	add	apply	reason
30ft	2025-07-08 13:55	2026-05-11 13:50	-22	False	model: no correction code with W=158; observed +28 deg (airports)
sonic	2025-07-08 13:55	2026-05-11 13:50	-22	False	model: no correction code with W=158; observed +20 deg (airports)
30ft	2026-05-11 14:00	2026-09-28 09:05	-44	False	model: sign-flipped code with W=158; observed +49 deg (airports)
sonic	2026-05-11 14:00	2026-09-28 09:05	-44	False	model: sign-flipped code with W=158; observed +41 deg (airports)

Flags by variable and month

Comparison with nearby LSM stations

Temperature sensor agreement

Wind speed ratios and solar timing

Power: battery, solar charging and load

Last 7 days	this station	network / expected
Overnight battery minimum	12.82 V	12.83 V
Lowest battery reading	12.78 V
Charged in / used per day	4.4 / 2.4 Ah
Reached full charge (float)	8:25 am	8:20 am
Solar input, sunny-day peak	20.8 V	~21 V
Overnight draw	0.105 A
Charger temperature max	40 °C
Charger minus logger voltage	+0.12 V	wire drop
CH200 readings missing	0.0%
Battery vs network, last 30 days	+0.00 V per 30 days	falling = weakening

Flag counts by test

variable	test	level	records	% of record
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	failure	16416	12.59
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	failure	576	0.44
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	failure	288	0.22
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	failure	288	0.22
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	failure	288	0.22
WS_Sonic_mph_Avg	sonic_error_value	failure	203	0.16
WS_Sonic_mph_Max	range	failure	203	0.16
WS_Sonic_mph_Max	sonic_error_value	failure	203	0.16
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	sonic_error_value	failure	203	0.16
WindDir_Sonic_SD1_WVT	sonic_error_value	failure	203	0.16
WS_Sonic_mph_Avg	range	failure	188	0.14
WS_10ft_mph_Avg	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	116	0.09
WS_10ft_mph_Max	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	116	0.09
WindDir_10ft_D1_WVT	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	116	0.09
WS_30ft_mph_Avg	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	91	0.07
WS_30ft_mph_Max	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	91	0.07
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	zero_speed_while_windy	failure	91	0.07
AbsBaro_inHg_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SeaLvlBaro_inHg_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SeaLvlBaro_inHg_Avg	step	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_100cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_10cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_20cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_30cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_40cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_50cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_5cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_60cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_75cm_Avg	range	failure	2	0.00
DewPtF	dewpoint_gt_air	failure	1	0.00
RH_Avg	dewpoint_gt_air	failure	1	0.00
BulkEC_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	126264	96.86
Ka_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	126264	96.86
SoilTmpF_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	126264	96.86
VWC_75cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	126264	96.86
BulkEC_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	125112	95.98
Ka_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	125112	95.98
SoilTmpF_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	125112	95.98
VWC_100cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	125112	95.98
BulkEC_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	121368	93.10
Ka_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	121368	93.10
SoilTmpF_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	121368	93.10
VWC_60cm_Avg	soil_depth_duplicate	suspect	121368	93.10
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	suspect	76728	58.86
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	suspect	29375	22.53
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	suspect	16128	12.37
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	suspect	13248	10.16
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	suspect	6912	5.30
WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	suspect	6336	4.86
T109_30ft_F_Avg	temperature_triad	suspect	3444	2.64
T109_10ft_F_Avg	temperature_triad	suspect	356	0.27
WindDir_10ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	suspect	288	0.22
WindDir_10ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	suspect	288	0.22
WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	stuck_direction	suspect	141	0.11
WindDir_Sonic_SD1_WVT	stuck_direction	suspect	141	0.11
VWC_30cm_Avg	range	suspect	82	0.06
RV_Pre_Accu_Tot	rain_with_low_rh	suspect	47	0.04
AirTF_Avg	temperature_triad	suspect	40	0.03
SlrW_Avg	solar_above_clearsky	suspect	36	0.03
DewPtF	step	suspect	2	0.00
SeaLvlBaro_inHg_Avg	step	suspect	2	0.00
SoilTmpF_5cm_Avg	step	suspect	2	0.00
T109_10ft_F_Avg	step	suspect	2	0.00
T109_30ft_F_Avg	step	suspect	2	0.00
DewPtF	range	suspect	1	0.00

Largest failure events

start (local)	end (local)	n	variable	test	detail
2026-06-25 00:00	2026-06-29 23:55	1440	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-10 00:00	2026-08-14 23:55	1440	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-10 00:00	2026-06-14 23:55	1440	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-16 00:00	2026-06-19 23:55	1152	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-18 00:00	2026-08-21 23:55	1152	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-07-12 00:00	2026-07-15 23:55	1152	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-21 00:00	2026-06-23 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-05-15 00:00	2026-05-17 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-06 00:00	2026-08-08 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-09-10 00:00	2026-09-12 23:55	864	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-05-22 00:00	2026-05-23 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-07-24 00:00	2026-07-25 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-06-07 00:00	2026-06-08 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-07-31 00:00	2026-08-01 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-07-09 00:00	2026-07-10 23:55	576	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-05-29 00:00	2026-05-29 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2025-12-31 00:00	2025-12-31 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	daily direction differs from trusted LSM neighbors by > 60 deg
2026-06-03 00:00	2026-06-03 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	daily direction differs from neighbor stations by > 60 deg
2026-09-27 00:00	2026-09-27 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-09-19 00:00	2026-09-19 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-09-02 00:00	2026-09-02 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-07-23 00:00	2026-07-23 23:55	288	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_neighbors	daily direction differs from neighbor stations by > 60 deg
2026-09-07 00:00	2026-09-07 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-09-05 00:00	2026-09-05 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-23 00:00	2026-08-23 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-08-20 00:00	2026-08-20 23:55	288	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	direction_vs_lsm_neighbors	daily direction differs from trusted LSM neighbors by > 60 deg
2026-05-19 00:00	2026-05-19 23:55	288	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	direction_vs_other_sensors	daily mean direction differs from the 10ft sensor (confirmed against airports) by > 45 deg
2026-01-25 04:55	2026-01-25 17:50	156	WS_Sonic_mph_Avg	range	outside hard limits [0, 134]
2026-01-25 04:55	2026-01-25 17:50	156	WindDir_Sonic_SD1_WVT	sonic_error_value	WindSonic4 error value (999.99 m/s) inside the 5-min interval
2026-01-24 20:05	2026-01-25 00:40	56	WindDir_10ft_D1_WVT	zero_speed_while_windy	reads 0 for >= 12 records while another anemometer >= 5.0 mph
2026-01-24 22:10	2026-01-25 00:40	31	WS_30ft_mph_Max	zero_speed_while_windy	reads 0 for >= 12 records while another anemometer >= 5.0 mph
2026-01-26 02:05	2026-01-26 04:20	28	WindDir_10ft_D1_WVT	zero_speed_while_windy	reads 0 for >= 12 records while another anemometer >= 5.0 mph
2026-01-25 02:15	2026-01-25 03:50	20	WS_10ft_mph_Max	zero_speed_while_windy	reads 0 for >= 12 records while another anemometer >= 5.0 mph
2026-01-25 21:15	2026-01-25 22:30	16	WS_Sonic_mph_Max	sonic_error_value	WindSonic4 error value (999.99 m/s) inside the 5-min interval
2026-01-25 21:15	2026-01-25 22:30	16	WS_Sonic_mph_Max	range	outside hard limits [0, 134]
2026-01-25 01:10	2026-01-25 02:05	12	WindDir_30ft_D1_WVT	zero_speed_while_windy	reads 0 for >= 12 records while another anemometer >= 5.0 mph
2026-01-25 21:35	2026-01-25 22:30	12	WS_Sonic_mph_Avg	range	outside hard limits [0, 134]
2026-01-25 00:45	2026-01-25 01:05	5	WS_Sonic_mph_Avg	range	outside hard limits [0, 134]
2026-01-25 00:45	2026-01-25 01:05	5	WindDir_Sonic_D1_WVT	sonic_error_value	WindSonic4 error value (999.99 m/s) inside the 5-min interval
2025-09-02 19:55	2025-09-02 20:10	4	WindDir_Sonic_SD1_WVT	sonic_error_value	WindSonic4 error value (999.99 m/s) inside the 5-min interval

Corrections

Applied (from stations.yaml):

None.

Documented but not applied (apply: false):

None.

How to read this

Levels: 0 good, 1 suspect, 2 failure, 9 missing. Each variable's level is in QC_<variable> in the data file; the events file lists every flagged run with the test that set it. Station-level findings summarize patterns (sensor rotation, clock offsets, duplicate soil depths) that per-record flags can't describe on their own. Wind direction flags use daily vector means, so a flagged day marks every record in that day.